【國中英文文法】48|英文序數怎麼寫?1st、2nd、3rd、4th 到 100th 規則變化與常見用法整理

英文數字可以分成基數與序數。基數表示一般數量,例如 one、two、three;序數則表示「第幾」,例如 first、second、third。序數在名次、日期、樓層和分數中都很常見,是國中英文一定要熟悉的基礎觀念。

英文基數與序數用法整理

這篇要介紹英文數字的基數與序數

基數:1、2、3、4、5

序數:第1、第2、第3、第4、第5

用英文來看的話,就是以下這樣:

基數:one、two、three、four、five

序數:first、second、third、fourth、fifth

序數縮寫:1st、2nd、3rd、4th、5th


序數規則

序數1~10我們務必先記下來

1st:first  2nd:second  3rd:third

4th:fourth  5th:fifth  6th:sixth

7th:seventh  8th:eighth  9th:ninth  10th:tenth

規則:

1、2、3這三者的序數跟基數完全不同,需先記下來

4~10,基本上是基數+th,但是有些會有些微改變

基數直接+th的:fourth(4)、sixth(6)、seventh(7)、eighth(8)、tenth(10)

與基數有些不同的:fifth(5)、ninth(9)


11~19 的序數規則

11~19的序數規則

基本上也是基數+th,但也是會有一些變化

數字 序數 提醒
11th eleventh
12th twelfth 最容易被忘記
13th thirteenth
14th fourteenth
15th fifteenth five 會變成 fif
16th sixteenth
17th seventeenth
18th eighteenth
19th nineteenth

注意,12th :twelfth最常被學生忘記!


20 之後的序數規則

20之後的序數規則

序數20以後就不用每個都死背了!

十位數用基數;個位數用序數

舉例來說:

23 = 20 + 3 = twenty-third

45 = 40 + 5 = forty-fifth

64 = 60 + 4 = sixty-fourth


10 的倍數規則

10的倍數規則

10是tenth,就是ten+th。沒什麼問題

至於20、30、40、50、60、70、80、90,由於字尾是y,因此會有規則變化。(英文單字只要字尾是y,大部分需要考慮規則變化的問題)

10的倍數規則(不含10):去y,加ieth

例如:

20:twenty → twentieth

30:thirty → thirtieth

50:fifty → fiftieth

以此類推


序數使用時機

雖然說序數的中文意思可以理解為"第xxx",但實際上就算知道這個,用英文的有時候還是會忘記用序數,所以要記得幾個常見的序數使用時機。

一般情況:表示第幾

一般情況,當作"第xxx"的時候。(此時序數前要加the或所有格)

例句:

I am always the first person to arrive at the classroom. 我總是第一個到達教室的人。

This is my second friend, Louis. 這是我第二個朋友,Louis。

名次或第幾名

例句:

I got first prize in the contest. 我在這個競賽當中得到第一名。

日期

日期很容易忘記,但又非常常用的序數使用時機。

例句:

I was born on April 20th. 我出生在4月20號。

幾分之幾,也就是分數

幾分之幾的分數:分子用基數,分母用序數表示!

另外,若分子大於1,分母序數字尾要加 s

舉例來說:

三分之一(1/3):one-third

三分之二(2/3):two-thirds

樓層

樓層用序數很好理解,因為我們中文也常常講"第x樓"

例句:

I am on the 3rd floor now. 我現在在三樓。


序數列表 1~100

提供給大家忘記的時候可以複習

序數 英文 序數 英文 序數 英文 序數 英文
1stfirst26thtwenty-sixth51stfifty-first76thseventy-sixth
2ndsecond27thtwenty-seventh52ndfifty-second77thseventy-seventh
3rdthird28thtwenty-eighth53rdfifty-third78thseventy-eighth
4thfourth29thtwenty-ninth54thfifty-fourth79thseventy-ninth
5thfifth30ththirtieth55thfifty-fifth80theightieth
6thsixth31stthirty-first56thfifty-sixth81steighty-first
7thseventh32ndthirty-second57thfifty-seventh82ndeighty-second
8theighth33rdthirty-third58thfifty-eighth83rdeighty-third
9thninth34ththirty-fourth59thfifty-ninth84theighty-fourth
10thtenth35ththirty-fifth60thsixtieth85theighty-fifth
11theleventh36ththirty-sixth61stsixty-first86theighty-sixth
12thtwelfth37ththirty-seventh62ndsixty-second87theighty-seventh
13ththirteenth38ththirty-eighth63rdsixty-third88theighty-eighth
14thfourteenth39ththirty-ninth64thsixty-fourth89theighty-ninth
15thfifteenth40thfortieth65thsixty-fifth90thninetieth
16thsixteenth41stforty-first66thsixty-sixth91stninety-first
17thseventeenth42ndforty-second67thsixty-seventh92ndninety-second
18theighteenth43rdforty-third68thsixty-eighth93rdninety-third
19thnineteenth44thforty-fourth69thsixty-ninth94thninety-fourth
20thtwentieth45thforty-fifth70thseventieth95thninety-fifth
21sttwenty-first46thforty-sixth71stseventy-first96thninety-sixth
22ndtwenty-second47thforty-seventh72ndseventy-second97thninety-seventh
23rdtwenty-third48thforty-eighth73rdseventy-third98thninety-eighth
24thtwenty-fourth49thforty-ninth74thseventy-fourth99thninety-ninth
25thtwenty-fifth50thfiftieth75thseventy-fifth100thhundredth

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