【國中英文文法】48|英文序數怎麼寫?1st、2nd、3rd、4th 到 100th 規則變化與常見用法整理

英文數字可以分成基數與序數。基數表示一般數量,例如 one、two、three;序數則表示「第幾」,例如 first、second、third。序數在名次、日期、樓層和分數中都很常見,是國中英文一定要熟悉的基礎觀念。

英文基數與序數用法整理

這篇要介紹英文數字的基數與序數

基數:1、2、3、4、5

序數:第1、第2、第3、第4、第5

用英文來看的話,就是以下這樣:

基數:one、two、three、four、five

序數:first、second、third、fourth、fifth

序數縮寫:1st、2nd、3rd、4th、5th


序數規則

序數1~10我們務必先記下來

1st:first  2nd:second  3rd:third

4th:fourth  5th:fifth  6th:sixth

7th:seventh  8th:eighth  9th:ninth  10th:tenth

規則:

1、2、3這三者的序數跟基數完全不同,需先記下來

4~10,基本上是基數+th,但是有些會有些微改變

基數直接+th的:fourth(4)、sixth(6)、seventh(7)、eighth(8)、tenth(10)

與基數有些不同的:fifth(5)、ninth(9)


11~19 的序數規則

11~19的序數規則

基本上也是基數+th,但也是會有一些變化

數字 序數 提醒
11th eleventh
12th twelfth 最容易被忘記
13th thirteenth
14th fourteenth
15th fifteenth five 會變成 fif
16th sixteenth
17th seventeenth
18th eighteenth
19th nineteenth

注意,12thtwelfth最常被學生忘記!


20 之後的序數規則

20之後的序數規則

序數20以後就不用每個都死背了!

十位數用基數;個位數用序數

舉例來說:

23 = 20 + 3 = twenty-third

45 = 40 + 5 = forty-fifth

64 = 60 + 4 = sixty-fourth


10 的倍數規則

10的倍數規則

10是tenth,就是ten+th。沒什麼問題

至於20、30、40、50、60、70、80、90,由於字尾是y,因此會有規則變化。(英文單字只要字尾是y,大部分需要考慮規則變化的問題)

10的倍數規則(不含10):去y,加ieth

例如:

20:twenty → twentieth

30:thirty → thirtieth

50:fifty → fiftieth

以此類推


序數使用時機

雖然說序數的中文意思可以理解為"第xxx",但實際上就算知道這個,用英文的有時候還是會忘記用序數,所以要記得幾個常見的序數使用時機。

一般情況:表示第幾

一般情況,當作"第xxx"的時候。(此時序數前要加the或所有格)

例句:

I am always the first person to arrive at the classroom. 我總是第一個到達教室的人。

This is my second friend, Louis. 這是我第二個朋友,Louis。

名次或第幾名

例句:

I got first prize in the contest. 我在這個競賽當中得到第一名。

日期

日期很容易忘記,但又非常常用的序數使用時機。

例句:

I was born on April 20th. 我出生在4月20號。

幾分之幾,也就是分數

幾分之幾的分數:分子用基數,分母用序數表示!

另外,若分子大於1,分母序數字尾要加 s

舉例來說:

三分之一(1/3):one-third

三分之二(2/3):two-thirds

樓層

樓層用序數很好理解,因為我們中文也常常講"第x樓"

例句:

I am on the 3rd floor now. 我現在在三樓。


序數列表 1~100

提供給大家忘記的時候可以複習

序數 英文 序數 英文 序數 英文 序數 英文
1stfirst26thtwenty-sixth51stfifty-first76thseventy-sixth
2ndsecond27thtwenty-seventh52ndfifty-second77thseventy-seventh
3rdthird28thtwenty-eighth53rdfifty-third78thseventy-eighth
4thfourth29thtwenty-ninth54thfifty-fourth79thseventy-ninth
5thfifth30ththirtieth55thfifty-fifth80theightieth
6thsixth31stthirty-first56thfifty-sixth81steighty-first
7thseventh32ndthirty-second57thfifty-seventh82ndeighty-second
8theighth33rdthirty-third58thfifty-eighth83rdeighty-third
9thninth34ththirty-fourth59thfifty-ninth84theighty-fourth
10thtenth35ththirty-fifth60thsixtieth85theighty-fifth
11theleventh36ththirty-sixth61stsixty-first86theighty-sixth
12thtwelfth37ththirty-seventh62ndsixty-second87theighty-seventh
13ththirteenth38ththirty-eighth63rdsixty-third88theighty-eighth
14thfourteenth39ththirty-ninth64thsixty-fourth89theighty-ninth
15thfifteenth40thfortieth65thsixty-fifth90thninetieth
16thsixteenth41stforty-first66thsixty-sixth91stninety-first
17thseventeenth42ndforty-second67thsixty-seventh92ndninety-second
18theighteenth43rdforty-third68thsixty-eighth93rdninety-third
19thnineteenth44thforty-fourth69thsixty-ninth94thninety-fourth
20thtwentieth45thforty-fifth70thseventieth95thninety-fifth
21sttwenty-first46thforty-sixth71stseventy-first96thninety-sixth
22ndtwenty-second47thforty-seventh72ndseventy-second97thninety-seventh
23rdtwenty-third48thforty-eighth73rdseventy-third98thninety-eighth
24thtwenty-fourth49thforty-ninth74thseventy-fourth99thninety-ninth
25thtwenty-fifth50thfiftieth75thseventy-fifth100thhundredth

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